AUWENFIELD NOTES
JOHNNY AUWENEARTH
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Language practice

Choose a language, then practise its grammar, vocabulary, culture or writing.

WORKSPACE

Pick a task before a language tab. Choose the language you want to use, then work on one small task. Reading a script, learning a grammar rule and responding in conversation need different practice.

Before you start: Choose one goal: say a phrase, understand a sentence, or recognize writing. Guided lessons are the explanation-first route; the practice tabs let you drill a skill.

Grammar
Patterns that let words form sentences.
Writing system
The characters or letters used to record a language.

Start here — Need to speak today?: Choose a language and start with Survival. Practise the reply as well as the phrase you say first.

What you should get: You can make one small variation and explain why the form changes. If you cannot, revisit that rule before adding more phrases.

Full steps, example and limits
  1. Need to speak today?

    Choose a language and start with Survival. Practise the reply as well as the phrase you say first.

  2. Need to read?

    Use Writing systems for recognition, Pronunciation for spelling-to-sound rules, and Kanji + Hanzi for character and word study.

  3. Need to build sentences?

    Read a grammar rule, work through its example, then answer without looking. Check Vocabulary and Culture to see how the words are used.

Try this: Choose German. Find a survival exchange and say both parts aloud. Change one noun using the grammar explanation instead of memorizing a second whole sentence.

Know the limit: Track depth varies. A chart is a reference, and recognizing an answer is not the same as producing it in a conversation.

Start with pronunciation
Pronunciation: sounds, reading rules, stress, tone & practice →
All 47 pronunciation chapters & the IPA sound key →

Guided German lesson

Connect two short statements without carrying English word order into every German clause.

Give a reason with weil or denn →

Explanation, worked examples and four exercises with answers.

Open the writing chart for this script →
GERMAN / EVERYDAY SURVIVAL · MUNICH

Deutsch

Understand the reply. Order what you need.
Get around Munich and beyond.

GERMAN / GRAMMAR REFERENCE

Forms, rules & structure

Standard German. Spoken regional varieties may use different vocabulary and past-tense preferences.

11 chapters
Grammar terminology
Noun
A word used to name or classify an entity: person, place, object, substance, idea.
Adjective
A word that describes a property; its form and position depend on the language.
Pronoun
A form used to refer to a participant or entity without repeating a full noun phrase.
Determiner
A word such as an article, demonstrative or possessive that helps specify a noun phrase.
Verb
A word heading a predicate, often describing an action, event or state.
Conjugation
A pattern of verb forms expressing grammatical distinctions such as person, tense or mood.
Declension
A pattern of noun, pronoun or adjective forms, often marking case, number and gender.
Case
A distinction marking a noun phrase’s grammatical role or its relationship to a governing word.
Gender
A grammatical classification of nouns; it need not match sex or have a transparent meaning.
Agreement
A form changes to match features of another expression, such as person, number, gender or case.
Tense
A grammatical way of locating a situation relative to a time of reference.
Aspect
How a situation is viewed: for example ongoing, habitual, completed or prior to a reference point.
Mood
A grammatical distinction associated with assertion, possibility, commands, wishes or other clause functions.
Finite form
A verb form that can serve as a clause’s main inflected verb, contrasting with infinitives and participles. The precise criteria vary by language.
Participle
A verb-derived form used in constructions such as modifiers, compound tenses or passives; its roles vary by language.
Infinitive
A nonfinite verb form in languages that have one; it is not automatically equivalent to English “to + verb”.
Subject / object
Grammatical relations in a clause, not universal synonyms for “doer” and “receiver”.
Clitic
A short grammatical form that depends phonologically on a neighboring word.
Transitive
Describes a verb construction that takes a direct object.
Register
A variety of expression associated with context, relationship or level of formality.
RULES & PATTERNS

Nouns, gender & plural

  1. Every noun has masculine, feminine or neuter grammatical gender; learn its definite article and plural with it. Capitalize nouns.
  2. Plural is lexical: -e, -(e)n, -er, -s or no suffix occur, sometimes with umlaut. Gender is not a reliable prediction of a person’s sex or a thing’s properties.
Nouns, gender & plural · reference forms
GenderSingularPlural
masculineder Tischdie Tische
femininedie Fraudie Frauen
neuterdas Kinddie Kinder
umlaut + suffixdas Buchdie Bücher
no suffixder Lehrerdie Lehrer
Worked examples

Das Mädchen liest ein Buch.

The girl is reading a book.

How it works: Mädchen is grammatically neuter because -chen diminutives are neuter.

These chapters give core rules and representative paradigms. A model table applies to the stated class; irregular words and more specialized constructions need their own entries.

Further reference
Revised 2026-09-14
Practice scores last for this visit.German audio is unavailable on this device. All exercises work without audio.